A Swiss-born French painter, printmaker, illustrator, and sculptor. He was a leading figure of Art Nouveau and a primary master of social realist graphics in late 19th and early 20th-century Paris. Steinlen chronicled the daily lives of the Parisian working class, seamstresses (midinettes), laundresses, and the Montmartre community. He created over a hundred posters (most notably Tournée du Chat Noir), as well as extensive press illustrations and lithographs. His oeuvre combines social realism and humanistic observation with fluid, expressive graphic draftsmanship.